The microcontroller is a single-chip microcomputer that integrates the main part of the microcomputer on a chip. With the development of technology, microcontrollers have become more and more powerful, which makes their applications ubiquitous and in various fields. For example, motor control, barcode reader/scanner, consumer electronics, gaming equipment, telephone, HVAC, building security and access control, industrial control and automation, and white goods (washing machine, microwave oven), etc.

Microcontroller Features:

? Operating speeds from DC - 20 MHz
? Interrupt capability
? Eight level deep hardware stack
? Direct, indirect and relative addressing modes
? Internal and external oscillator options:- Precision internal 4 MHz oscillator factory calibrated to ±1%- Low-power internal 48 kHz oscillator- External Oscillator support for crystals and resonators
? Power-saving Sleep mode
? Programmable weak pull-ups on PORTB
? Multiplexed Master Clear/Input-pin
? Watchdog Timer with independent oscillator for reliable operation
? Low-voltage programming
? In-Circuit Serial Programming? (via two pins)
? Programmable code protection
? Brown-out Reset
? Power-on Reset
? Power-up Timer and Oscillator Start-up Timer
? Wide operating voltage range (2.0-5.5V)
? Industrial and extended temperature range
? High-Endurance Flash/EEPROM cell:- 100,000 write Flash endurance- 1,000,000 write EEPROM endurance- 40 year data retention

Low-Power Features:
? Standby Current:- 100 nA @ 2.0V, typical
? Operating Current:-12μA @ 32 kHz, 2.0V, typical-120μA @ 1 MHz, 2.0V, typical
? Watchdog Timer Current:-1μA @ 2.0V, typical
? Timer1 Oscillator Current:-1.2μA @ 32 kHz, 2.0V, typical
? Dual-speed Internal Oscillator:- Run-time selectable between 4 MHz and 48 kHz-4μs wake-up from Sleep, 3.0V, typical

Peripheral Features:
? 16 I/O pins with individual direction control
? High current sink/source for direct LED drive
? Analog comparator module with:- Two analog comparators- Programmable on-chip voltage reference (VREF) module- Selectable internal or external reference- Comparator outputs are externally accessible
? Timer0: 8-bit timer/counter with 8-bit programmable prescaler
? Timer1: 16-bit timer/counter with external crystal/clock capability
? Timer2: 8-bit timer/counter with 8-bit period register, prescaler and postscaler
? Capture, Compare, PWM module:- 16-bit Capture/Compare-10-bit PWM
? Addressable Universal Synchronous/Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter USART/SCI